Acrylic Acid-D4 (CAS No. 285138-82-1): A Deuterated Internal Standard for Quantitative Analysis | |
Introduction Acrylic Acid-D4, with the chemical formula C3H2D4O2 and CAS No. 285138-82-1, is a deuterated analog of acrylic acid. It is specifically synthesized by substituting four hydrogen atoms with deuterium (a heavier isotope of hydrogen) at specific positions on the molecule. This compound is commonly referred to by its IUPAC name deuterio 2,3,3-trideuterioprop-2-enoate. Synthesis and Properties Acrylic Acid-D4 is synthesized by replacing four of the hydrogen atoms in the acrylic acid molecule with deuterium atoms, a process that typically involves the use of deuterated reagents in a controlled environment. The resulting compound exhibits similar chemical properties to natural acrylic acid but differs in mass due to the presence of deuterium, allowing it to be distinguished in mass spectrometry-based analyses. The chemical structure of Acrylic Acid-D4 is nearly identical to that of regular acrylic acid, with the exception of the four deuterium atoms at the 2 and 3 positions of the prop-2-enoate backbone. The chemical stability of Acrylic Acid-D4 is typically ensured by stabilizing it with hydroquinone, which prevents unwanted polymerization or degradation over time. Applications in Analytical Chemistry Acrylic Acid-D4 is widely utilized as an internal standard in quantitative analysis by mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The primary advantage of using deuterated compounds as internal standards is their ability to mimic the behavior of the target analyte in a sample while being distinguishable due to their unique mass or isotopic signature. This allows for the accurate quantification of drugs, metabolites, and other target molecules even in complex biological samples. Use in Mass Spectrometry: In quantitative mass spectrometry, deuterated standards such as Acrylic Acid-D4 are added to a biological sample in a known concentration. During analysis, both the analyte (e.g., drug or metabolite) and the internal standard are ionized and detected. The difference in their isotopic masses ensures that the internal standard does not interfere with the detection of the target compound, while still providing a means for correcting matrix effects, extraction efficiencies, and ionization variations. Use in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR): In NMR spectroscopy, deuterated solvents and standards, such as Acrylic Acid-D4, are essential for improving signal clarity and sensitivity. Deuterium has a different nuclear magnetic resonance frequency compared to hydrogen, allowing the internal standard to be clearly separated from the target analyte. This makes it possible to achieve accurate quantification of compounds in the sample, especially in cases where low levels of the analyte are present. Importance in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research In pharmaceutical and biomedical research, the use of Acrylic Acid-D4 as an internal standard is invaluable for conducting pharmacokinetic studies, biomarker discovery, and drug metabolism research. Its ability to provide reliable data on the concentration of drugs and their metabolites in biological fluids is crucial for understanding the pharmacological profile of a compound and for ensuring the safety and efficacy of new drugs. Additionally, its application in bioanalytical methods ensures that the results from high-precision studies are not compromised by variations in sample preparation, matrix interference, or other experimental factors. By acting as a reference point during analysis, Acrylic Acid-D4 improves the accuracy and reproducibility of quantification techniques. Conclusion Acrylic Acid-D4 (CAS No. 285138-82-1), a deuterated variant of acrylic acid, plays a pivotal role in the field of quantitative analysis. Its use as a stable isotope internal standard allows for highly accurate and reproducible measurements of drugs and metabolites in biological samples. Whether applied in mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, or other bioanalytical techniques, Acrylic Acid-D4 contributes to the reliability and precision of critical biomedical and pharmaceutical research. Given the growing demand for precise bioanalytical methods, the application of deuterated compounds like Acrylic Acid-D4 will continue to be instrumental in advancing drug development, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic monitoring in the future. | |
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